Milk cooler



J. R. BoYLE 2,659,579

MILK COOLER 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 17, 1953 Filed Nov. lo, 195o Y INENToR. JEP/zzz f BY/Zowm llllllllll/ 1 1 1 1 l l l f I p a MWC Nov. 17, 1953 J. R. BOYLE 2,659,579

MILK COOLER Filed Nov. 10, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.

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Patented Nov. i?, 1953 UNITED as i iB'iENT FFICE MILK COOLER John R. Boyle, Chicago, Ill., assigner to Edward A. Mortes, Chicago, Ill.

10 Claims.

The present invention relates to milk coolers, and more particularly to that type of cooler which can be employed for cooling milk while it is contained within the conventional milk can used by farmers, dairy men, etc.

My improved cooler comprises a rotatable cooling coil which is adapted 'to be inserted down into the open top of the milk can s-o that the coil is immersed in the milk for effecting a heat transfer from the milk to the cooling liquid flowing through the coil, and for also causing a circualtory flow of the milk between the turns of the rotating cooling coil for equalizing the cooling effect throughout the entire body of milk.

Cold water is preferably the cooling medium that is circualted through the turns or the rotating cooling coil. The supply pressure of this cold water is utilized for imparting the rotary movement to the cooling coil, such being accomplished by having the entering water first impinge against a rotating water wheel which is mechanically connected to revolve the cooling coil. After impinging against the water wheel, the cold water is thence conducted through the convolutions oi the cooling coil for absorbing the heat from the milk. In the preferred embodiment of my improved cooler, the discharge Water from the cooling coil is preferably conducted away from the device through a waste pipe or conduit, so that there is no water flow down over the outside of the milk can. In such construction, the milk can does not need to be placed in any tank, trough or container for receiving water sluiced down over the outside of the can, but instead the cooler can be used in cans setting anywhere on the fioor of the milk house, barn, loading platform or the like. I-Iowever, the invention is not to be .limited to this discharge of water from the cooling coil through the waste conduit, because other features of the invention can be embodied in such other type of construction in which the waste water from the cooling coil is sluiced or sprayed down over the outside of the milk can.

One of the objects of the invention is to pro- L vide an automatic speed control for automatically governing the rotative speed of the water wheel and cooling coil. These milk coolers may be employed in diierent localities where there may be a wide difference of supply pressures of the cooling water, or where the pressure may vary considerably at different times of the day, depending upon load conditions. The proper speed of rotation of the cooling coil is quite an important factor in obtaining maximum eiciency from the cooling device. If the rotative speed is too low the maximum rate of heat transfer is not obtained and there is not an adequate circulation of the milk in the can. On the other hand, if the rotative speed is too high there is a tendency to churn the milk, with possible entrainment of air, etc. In the appended detail description of my invention I have disclosed two embodiments of automatic speed control; one in which the pressure and velocity of the water issuing from the nozzle acts against an automatic spring vane which deects a greater or lesser amount of the water into the turbine varies of the water wheel, depending upon the pressure; and the other in which the supply pressure of the water is used to control the position oi the turbine wheel relatively to the inlet nozzle vertically displacing the wheel with respect to nozzle under increased pressure conditions.

-fiiiother object of the invention is to provide an improved pressure responsive rotary seal for sealing the rotary joint between the rotating coil system and the outlet fitting which connects with the waste water conduit or pipe. When there is no water pressure acting upon the device this pressure responsive rotary seal is relaxed so that it offers a minimum amount of friction to the initial starting rotation of the water wheel and coil when the water pressure is first admitted to the device. rl'his insures the starting oi the water wheel and coil even under extremely low water pressures. As the water pressure builds up, the pressure responsive rotary seal is gradually compressed to make a tighter joint, whereby the tightness of the joint increases' with rise of pressure so as to maintain the Joint tight under higher pressures.

+ Another object or feature of the invention is uhe provision of a rotary deecting spinner cooperating with the pressure responsive rotary seal, whereby any leakage water leaking past the rota-ry seal, particularly at the start of the operation, will be deected and whirled outwardly bey-end the open top of the milk can, so that this'leakage water will not enter the can.

n Other objects, features and advantages of the 1i vention will be apparent from the following detail description or" two preferred embodiments thereof. In the accompanying drawings illusvrating such embodiments:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial sectional view through one embodiment of my improved milk cooler, showing the latter mounted in a conventional milk can; i

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the .turbine wheel chamber, corresponding to a section taken approximately on the plane of the line 2-2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a detail view on a smaller scale illustrating the connection between the lower end of the rotating tubular stern and the cooling coils extending upwardly therefrom;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary axial sectional view through the upper portion of a modified emangularly spaced points.

bodiment of the invention, showing the position of the turbine wheel and the pressure responsive rotary seal when no water pressure is active on the device; and

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure e showing the position of the turbine wheel and the pressure responsive rotary seal when a relatively high water pressure is active on the device.

I have shown the embodiment of Figures l and 2 mounted in the upper end of a conventional milk can C, of the type commonly used on dairy farms, dairies and the like for holding milk or cream. These cans are usually formed with a reduced neck CI having an outwardly flared upper en`d C2 terminating in a rolled edge C3. My improved milk cooler is adapted to have resting support upon the rolled upper edge C3 through the medium of a tubular support l having an outwardly extending ange II at its upper end which is adapted to rest upon the rolled upper edge C3 of the can. The lower edge oi the tubular supporting ring l is adapted to extend down into the neck CI of the can for properly centering the milk cooler in the can. The outer edge of the flange Il is rolled over a metallic supporting ring l2, from which vertical standards I4 extend upwardly at Mounted at the upper ends of these supporting standards I4 is a turbine Wheel housing I5 comprising upper and lower housing sections a and lb. The outer edges of these housing sections have matchingr flanges I5, I6 between which is clamped a sealing gasket Il. The supporting standards i4 extend through holes in these flanges and gasket `and receive nuts i8 which screw over threads on the upper ends of the standards and clamp the two housing sections together. If desired,

a handle I9 may be secured to the upper housing section I5a to facilitate inserting the cooler into cans and removing it therefrom.

Secured centrally in the lower housing section I5b is a-casting or like member 2| which serves Vas amain bearing for the rotating system and :also serves as a non-rotating outlet fitting for discharging the waste water from the cooling -coil. The bearing portion of this casting comprises a bearing hub 22 which is welded, brazed or soldered in an aperture in the lower housing I5b,' and which has a downwardly extending skirt portion 23, so as to provide a suicient length Vof bearing. 'Surrounding this skirt portion is an outer tubular extension 24 which functions as Vthe outlet fitting for the Waste water, such waste water discharge preferably occurring through an outlet pipe or duct 2e opening outwardly through the wall 24 of the fitting. The lower end of the wall 24 is formed with a downwardly extending reduced flange 28 which denes a right angle recess in the lower portion of the fitting for receiving the pressure responsive rotary seal 3o, as I shall presently describe.

Revolving horizontally within the housing I5 is a turbine wheel 3l, preferably in the form of a solid disc having turbine vanes 33 projecting from the periphery thereof, as best illustrated in Figure 2. The cold water or other liquid coolant is adapted to be discharged into these vanes 33 through a nozzle 34 which is pointed in a direction to project the liquid substantially tangentially of the tip ends of the blades. This nozzle 34 is supplied through an inlet fitting 35 which is secured in the housing l5, preferably in the lower section |519. The outlet for the waste coolant also has an outlet fitting 36, these two fit-l tings preferably being of the type for conveniently receiving rubber hoses, although it will be understood that threaded pipe connections might be employed in a permanent installation. The disc of the turbine wheel 3l is secured to a hub 38 which in turn is secured to the upper end of a tubular drive shaft 4D that supports the cooling coil, drives the cooling coil, and supplies the liquid cooling medium to the inlet end of the cooling coil. The upper end of the tubular drive shaft 4S is open for receiving the cold water or other liquid coolant and venting it from the turbine wheel chamber l5 after the liquid has expended a substantial part of its Velocity energy against the vanes of the turbine wheel. This upper portion of the tubular shaft 40 is journalled for rotation in the bearing hub 22 and depending bearing skirt 23. Secured to the lower end of the tubular shaft 40 is a tubular'lower header 4l (Figure 3), which supports and communicates with the lower end of the cooling coil assembly @2. This may consist of a single coil, if desired, but I prefer to use two coils connected in parallel for greater capacity. The lower ends or" these two coils 42a and 42h are connected to the curved ends of the lower header 4l, and extend upwardly therefrom with their convolutions in alternating sequence. The upper `ends of the two coils open vertically into an outlet header or chamber t3 surrounding the tubular lshaft I4D and opening upwardly into the open lower end of the outlet fitting 2l 'for discharge throughoutiet duct 2G. The bottom wall of this outlet header or chamber consists o'f an upwardly falcing cupped disc 4 of rigid stiffness, and the top wall of this outlet header consists of a downwardly facing cupped disc 45, which latter disc, however, is relatively thin and flexible so as to flex through an appreciable range of movement in response to the outlet pressure of the water entering this chamber from the upper ends of the two cooling coils. The outer edge of Vthe -flexible upper disc 65 is crimped 'over the edge of the rigid lower disc 14, and the central aperture in the rigid lower disc is welded, brazed or soldered to the tubular shaft 40 at 4l. The flexible upper disc 45 has a central aperture 48 whichvhas a free sliding t over the downwardly extending flange 28 of the outlet-fitting ,2L rIliis portion of the flexible upper disc 45 bears against the under side of the rotary seal 30. The parts are so proportioned and constructed Vthat when there is no liquid pressure prevailing in the outlet header 43 the flexible' upper discf45 will be iexerting very little, if any, compression pressure against the sealing ring 30, but that as pressure becomes effective in the outlet header 43 the Ilexible disc 45 is pressed upwardly and thereby exerts pressure against the under side of the sealing ring for establishing a relatively tight rotary sealed joint at the ring. The fact that the ring is under very light, if any, sealingpressure when no water pressure exists in the device insures that there will be minimum sealing ring friction at the start of the operation, thereby assuring easier starting. Attention is'directed .to the fact that the peripheral edge vof the outlet header 43, delned by the crimped ilange 46 joining the two discs, lies radially outwardly of the beginning of the down Aslope of supporting flange Il. Thus, any leakage occurring around the sealing ring 30 when liquid pressure is rst applied to the device, will 'be drained and spun outwardly-down over 'the flange Il for precipitation down "over the sides'of the can, so that this leakage water cannot enter the interior of the can. As the supply pressure becomes effective in the header chamber 33, this starting leakage at the seal Sii is eliminated, or reduced to an acceptable minimum.

Referring now to the pressure responsive speed regulation which is effective at the turbine wheel 3l, it will be seen from Figure 2 that the discharge from the nozzle 34 is made to impinge against a spring vane 5E! which normally tends to deect the major portion of the water stream against the turbine vanes 33. That end of the vane 5l? which is located adjacent to the nozzle 34 is mounted on a vertical pivot 5| having its ends supported in the top and bottom walls of the turbine housing l5. From this pivot 5I the spring vane curves toward the turbine vanes 33, so that the swinging extremity 52 of the regulating vane normally lies very close to the outer ends of the turbine vanes. The spring vane 50 is normally held in this position by a compression spring 53 pressing inwardly against the outer side of the spring vane. An adjusting screw 54 supports the outer end of the compression spring 53 and has threaded mounting in the wall of the turbine wheel chamber I5, the outer end of such screw 5i!- being accessible for adjustment, so that the pressure imposed by the spring 53 against the deilecting vane 5B can be adjusted, if desired, to vary the range of automatic control effected by the delecting vane. Under relatively low supply pressures, or under a predetermined normal supply pressure, the deecting vane 5U will occupy substantially the position shown in full lines in Figure 2, where it will deflect the major portion of the water issuing from the nozzle 3d into the pockets between the turbine vanes 33. However, if a substantially higher supply pressure is applied to the device, this higher pressure will deflect the speed regulating vane 55 in an outward direction so that its free end 52 will be spaced a greater distance from the tip ends of the turbine vanes 33, substantially as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2, whereby a larger proportion of the water will be allowed to discharge tangentially of the turbine wheel without impingement reaction against the turbine vanes.

In this regard, another automatic speed regulating function is exerted by the flexible upper disc d5 of the outlet header 43 bearing against the sealing ring 30. As previously described, increased water pressure in the outlet header 43 exes the upper disc upwardly against the sealing ring 3) under increasing pressure, and this increasing pressure exerts an increasing frictional braking torque against the rotation of the cooling coil assembly 42. Thus, the increasing liquid pressure also tends to exercise an automatic speed regulating control by causing the sealing ring to exert greater and greater frictional retardation against the substantial increases of speed which would otherwise arise from the increasing water pressure.

I have found that optimum conditions for cooling the milk without objectionable churning are obtained when the above described cooling coil assembly is rotated at speeds ranging from approximately 130 R. P. M. to 170 R. P. M. Lower speeds appreciably reduce the heat transfer, and higher speeds tend to produce objectionable churning of the milk. The direction of rotation of the cooling coil assembly 42 is preferably so related to the direction of pitch of the coils 42a and 42h that the milk is caused to spiral up from the bottom of the can C, passing into the rotating helical coils, and thence being forced out of the coils by centrifugal force. This outward flow of milk from between the coils, under the action of centrifugal force, thence passes approximately to the circumference of the can, and the flow then descends to the bottom of the can, for repeated circulation up through the center of the can to the rotating cooling coil.

In Figures 4 and 5 I have illustrated a modified embodiment of my invention in which 'the automatic speed regulation is effected by a pressure responsive vertical displacement of the turbine wheel. This pressure responsive vertical displacement of the turbine wheel also serves to place increasing pressure upon the rotary sealing ring with increase of pressure in the water or coolant supplied to the device. In this embodiment the entire rotating system consisting of the tubular drive shait fifi, cooling coil assembly d2, outlet header t5 and turbine wheel Gi can rise and fall as a unit vertical sliding motion of the tubular shaft le in the bearing hub 22, 23. In this modified embodiment the turbine wheel 5l comprises a solid disc t2 which is substantially flat over the central portion of its area, but which tapers or slopes upwardly around its outer portion, as indicated at 53. This disc is formed with an upwardly extending peripheral flange 5i?, and the vanes 65 are shown as being punched out of this flange 64, although it will be understood that the vanes might be otherwise formed or provided on the turbine wheel. The disc 62 is rigidly secured to a hub ring 3S' which in turn is rigidly secured to the upper portion of the tubular drive shaft lli?. The upper end of the tubular drive shaft is completely open to the space el above the turbine wheel Si through the unrestricted port area ail' at the top of the shaft. That portion or the turbine wheel chamber area which lies below the turbine wheel 5i, as indicated at 68, also has dicharge communication into the interior of the hollow drive shaft fili, but this communication from such lower space 58 is through a restricted port area established by one or more holes t9 formed in the wall of the hollow drive shaft below the turbine wheel. Vertical movement of the shaft iii causes these ports 5S to move upwardly and downwardly relatively to a blocking edge li formed at the top of the bearing hub 22 and closely surrounding the shaft. When the rotating system is in the lower position illustrated in Figure' fi, a substantial part of the area of the ports Gil is blocked off b-y the blocking edge or iiange il, so that the effective area through the ports 5e is much smallerthan the effective area through the open top lill of the tubular shaft. Thus, a greater volume of liquid will be discharged down through the tubular shaft from the top side of the turbine wheel, with the result that a lower pressure will prevail in the upper space Si than in the lower space $8. When this pressure diiierential is suilicient to lift the weight of the moving system it slides upwardly, thereby exposing a greater area of the ports 59 above the blocking edge l. This regulating control of the euer-.tive area of the ports 5e results in the rotating system assuming different vertical positions, depending upon the pressure of the liquid supplied to the device.

This shift in vertical position is utilized to per form a speed regulating control by so disposing the water inlet jet 3e that its effective impingement against the turbine vanes 65 will decrease as the turbine Wheel loves upwardly to higher positions in response to higher supply pressures. rIhus, when the tur'oi e Wheel is in its lowermost position the discharge from the jet 34 has a relatively high or in 'mum effectiveness against the turbine wheel vanes as shown in Figure 4. However, as the moving system is carried upwardly by increased supply pressure the vanes lifted more or less out oi the path of ement from the inlet jet Sii, so

ajor portion of the Wsthat ter passes do wn along the tapered slope of the vane wheel and under the wheel to the ports t9 'tliout the turbine varies, as illustrad in in this manner, increased supply pressure is prevented troni rotating the vane wheel and cooling coil at an objectionably high specs.

This pressure 1' ical displacement f1 ig, alf-o c-= ctive to autole pressure on the rotary pons-e to pressure changes.

` ure or no pressure illustrated Figmatics-ily l' ring be the pre.y

wardy, the seali ed and greater ext pry pressure. tional br exerts a the and described what i embodiments of n .,iil be uncle stood that y and that numerous gements 'nay be inade therein .vithout departing rom the essence oi the invention. For examjoie, my improved apparatus can be used lor pei opera on owing a as hot water or steam through e pressure or the entering' water ness of the action of Uel, whereby to pre- =sure oi' the entering variations oi speed 2. In cool' g' apparatus oil the class described, the combination of a rotatable cooling coil, supportingmeans ior rotatably supporting said coil, a turbine wheel for revolving said coil, a jet for projecting a stream oi wager against said turbine wheel, means for causing the water which has been discharged against said turbine Wheel to thereafter circulate through said cooling coil in the performance or the cooling function, water outlet means comprising a non-rotating outlet tting receiving the water from said coil, and including a non-rotating outlet pipe leading from said outlet fitting, and means automatically responsive to the pressure of the water supplied to said jet for controlling the eflectiveness of said jet on the turbine wheel for obtaining automatic speed regulation, by increasing the electiveness of said jet under low Water pressures and decreasing the effectiveness or said iet under high Water pressures.

3. In apparatus of uhe class described for cooling milk in the conventional mill; can, the combination of a support adapted to rest in the open top or" said can, a cooling coil rotatably mounted on said support and adapted tor immersion in the milk, a rotatable tubular shaft rotatably supporting said cooling coil and connected therewith for circulating cooling Water therethrough, a turbine Wheel connectedE 'th the upper end or" tubular a housi e' for said turbine Wheel, a water inlet jet in smi housing for discharging inlet cooling water ag t said turbine Wheel, and a pressure respondio vane for controlling` the iinpinge it o the water discharging from said nozzle against said turbine Wheel.

fi. In apparatus oi' the class described for cooling mill; in the convoi can, the combination a support adapted EO l'SS in the Open top of said can, a turbine u el housing carried by said support, a 'Lumine unsei said housing provided with reaction vanos, a ter inlet nozzle opening into housing to discharge inlet cooling Water against the vanos of said turbine Wheel, a tubular e shaft rota ly supporting said turbine 'ensei in said housing and extending downwardly therefrun, cooling coil supported by said si having' communication interior thereof, the cooling; water, after g impulse reaction on the vanos of said turbine wheel, passing rdly from said chamber through said sli e nce upwardly through said cooling coil, discharge means for discharging the cooling -water from the upper end or" said cooling coil, and means ro regulating the rotative speed or" temine wnool and cooling coil comprising a deileoting vane for deriecting Water from said nozzle into the turbine vanos and movable to diii'erent positions dene ding upon the pressure of the Water issuing from said nozzle.

5. ln apparatus of the class described for cooling milk in the conventional milk: can, the combination of a support aotod to rest in the open top of said can, a tu ne wheel :aber carried by said support, a turbine wheel said chamber, a cooling Water inlet nozzle in said chamber for directing inlet water the of said turbine Wheel, a tubular ing said turbine v/heel, a ing with the interior thereby, the ai' so ng; coil communicatl hait and rotated reaction through said t i ar shaft and through said cooling coil for cooling the i and speed. row ating means operative to cause vertical displacement of said turbine wheel in to different pressures of the cooling Water to cha the effectiveness or" the nozzle discharge against the vanos of said turbine Wheel.

6. In apparatus of the class described for cooling mili: in a mi container', the combination of a support adapted rest on said con ainer, a housing carried by said support, a reaction wheel rotatably mounted in said housing, a cooling 'Water inlet nozzle in said housing for directing entering Water against said reaction Wheel for rotating the latter, a tubular drive shaft extending downwardly from said reaction wheel and on the varies of said turbine uf'neel passing driven thereby, a cooling coil rotated by said shaft and communicating with the interior thereof, the cooling water after reaction impingement against said reaction wheel passing downwardly through said tubular drive shaft and through said cooling coil for cooling the milk, an outlet connection through which the discharge end of said cooling coil discharges, a rotary seal for said outlet connection, and means shiftable axially of said seal in response to the pressures of the water supplied to said nozzle for automatically causing the sealing pressure against said rotary seal to vary substantially in accordance with different water pressures supplied to said inlet nozzle.

7. In apparatus of the class described for cooling milk in a milk container, the combination of a support adapted to rest on said container, a housing carried by said support, a reaction wheel rotatably mounted in said housing, a cooling water inlet nozzle in said housing for directing entering water against said reaction wheel for rotating the latter, a tubular drive shaft extending downwardly from said reaction wheel and driven thereby, a cooling coil rotated by said shaft and communieating with the interior thereof, the cooling water after reaction impingement against said reaction wheel passing downwardly through said tubular drive shaft and through said cooling coil for cooling the milk, an outlet chamber connecting with the discharge end of said coil, said outlet chamber rotating with said coil, a stationary outlet connection leading from said outlet chamber, a rotary seal for establishing a relatively tight joint between said outlet chamber and said outlet connection, and a iiexible diaphragm comprising part of said outlet chamber arranged to respond automatically to the pressure of the water therein for exerting a sealing pressure against said rotating seal which varies with the pressure of the water in said outlet chamber, whereby the rotary seal presents minimum friction to rotation under low starting pressures or low running pressures.

8. In apparatus of the class described for cooling milk in a milk container, the combination of a support adapted to rest on said container, a housing carried by said support, a reaction wheel rotatably mounted in said housing, a cooling water inlet nozzle in said housing for directing entering water against said reaction wheel for rotating the latter, a tubular drive shaft extending downwardly from said reaction wheel and driven thereby, a cooling coil rotated by said shaft and communicating with the interior thereof, the cooling water after reaction impingement against said reaction wheel passing downwardly through said tubular drive shaft and through said cooling coil for cooling the milk, an outlet chamber connecting with the discharge end of said cooling coil and rotating therewith, a stationary outlet connection leading from said outlet chamber, a sealing ring for sealing the rotating joint between said outlet chamber and said outlet connection, and means for causing vertical displacement of the upper wall of said outlet chamber in response to changes of pressure of the water supplied to said nozzle whereby to exert different degrees of sealing pressure against said sealing ring with changes of Water pressure, for minimizing starting friction and also exercising an automatic speed regulating control on said reaction wheel.

9. In apparatus of the class described for cooling milk in a milk container, the combination of a support adapted to rest upon said milk container, a turbine wheel housing carried by said support, a substantially vertical tubular drive shaft entering said housing, a turbine wheel mounted on said shaft within said housing, a cooling water inlet nozzle in said housing directing cooling water against the vanes of said turbine wheel, a cooling coil supported by the lower portion of said drive shaft and communicating therewith, whereby the cooling water, after exerting impulse reaction against the varies of said turbine wheels, passes downwardly through said hollow drive shaft and thence through said rotating cooling coil for cooling the milk, said tubular drive shaft and turbine wheel being capable of vertical shifting movement in said housing for disposing the turbine vanes at different heights relatively to said inlet nozzle, an outlet port establishing a communication of constant size between the interior of said drive shaft and the chamber area lying above said turbine wheel, and a lower outlet port in the wall of said tubular drive shaft for discharging water from the area below said turbine wheel into said tubular drive shafty and means coacting with said lower port for varying the eiective area thereof as said shaft and turbine wheel are displaced vertically.

10. In apparatus of the class described for cooling milk in the conventional milk can, the combination of a support adapted to rest in the open top of said can, said support comprising an outwardly and downwardly sloping top surface discharging out over the top of the can, a stationary housing carried by said support and spaced upwardly therefrom, a water wheel in said housing, an inlet nozzle for discharging cooling water against said water wheel, a tubular drive shaft rotatably supporting said water wheel and extending downwardly from said housing, a cooling coil carried by said drive shaft and communicating therewith, whereby the cooling water, after imparting reaction energy against said water wheel, is conveyed downwardly through said tubular drive shaft and thence through said cooling coil for cooling the milk, a rotating outlet chamber disposed below said housing and receiving the outlet water from said cooling coil, a stationary outlet connection for receiving the outlet water from said chamber, a stationary outlet duct leading from said stationary outlet connection for discharging the water therefrom, there being a rotating joint between said rotating outlet chamber and said stationary outlet connection, and a downwardly and outwardly sloping spinner surface on said rotating chamber below the plane of said water wheel for conveying any leakage water from said joint downwardly and outwardly for precipitation on the downwardly and outwardly sloping upper surface of said support.

JOHN R. BOYLE.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 810,955 Lund Jan. 30, 1906 1,167,018 Pyle Jan. 4, 1916 1,307,703 Sagberg et al June 24, 1919 1,759,578 Kelso May 20, 1930 1,838,610 Bodes Dec. 29, 1931 1,984,581 Hasselberg Dec. 18, 1934 2,217,379 Peardon Oct. 8, 1940 

